cool breeze; cool air; refreshing coolness
system; institution; organization; organisation
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
interval; space; valley; gorge; loophole (in a wall); crenel
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to rescue from; to help out of; to save
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to suffer; to groan; to be worried
isolation; being alone; being friendless
such things as ...; and ... and; the minute (that) ...; no sooner than ...; be; is; o
poverty; penury; need; shortage; lack; want
to throw away; to cast away; to abandon; to desert; to give up; to resign
indicates word or phrase being defined; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); with; (not) as much as; (not) so much as; the fact that
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
that being the case; because of ...; the reason is ...; given that ...
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
voice; singing (of a bird); chirping (of an insect); voice; opinion (as expressed in words); sound; sense (of something's arrival)
also; too; not ... either; (it's not possible) no matter what; although one might wish otherwise
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to find out; to discover; to locate
to support; to prop; to sustain; to hold at bay; to stem; to check
structure; construction; arrangement; plan; plot; contrivance
to make; to produce; to prepare (food); to brew (alcohol); to raise; to grow; to till
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
Japanese Council of Social Welfare
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
certainly; without fail; right and wrong; pros and cons
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
door; gate; opening; title page
to open (a door, etc.); to unwrap (e.g. parcel, package); to open (for business, etc.); to empty; to remove; to move out; to clear out
to give; to confer; to bestow; to kindly do for one; to oblige; to favour
Council of Social Welfare
yes; that is correct; understood; I see; present; here; pardon?
contacting; (making) contact; connection (with a train, bus, etc.); joining (a railway line, etc.); connection (between matters, incidents, etc.); relation
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
hospital; clinic; doctor's office; doctor's surgery; infirmary
what; how many; many; a lot of; several; a few
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
trouble; problem; mess; difficulty; nuisance
any; anything; whatever; I am told; I hear; I understand
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
excuse me for disturbing (interrupting) you; greeting used when entering someone's home