indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
many; numerous; large amount of; large quantity of; frequent; common
home; household; family; hearth
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
then; well; so; well then
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
a little; a bit; just a minute; for a moment; somewhat; rather; (not) easily
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to take; to pick up; to pass; to hand; to get; to obtain; to adopt (a method, proposal, etc.)
to send; to dispatch; to see (someone) off; to escort; to bid farewell to (the departed); to say goodbye to; to spend (time)
you; before (a god, nobleman, etc.); in front of
side (of something, or taking someone's side); part; (watch) case
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen; to come about
foot of a mountain; base of a mountain
Mr; Mrs; Miss; politeness marker
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
nicely; properly; frequently; often; I'm glad that you ...; thank you for ...
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
boy; son; baby boy; young man
one person; being alone; being by oneself; being single; being unmarried; by oneself
to call out (to); to call; to summon (a doctor, etc.); to invite; to designate; to name; to garner (support, etc.)
although; despite; whereas; while; if only; I wish
whole family; entire family; all over the house; throughout the house; retainer of a daimyo; feudal domain
name; given name; first name
to express (orally); to put into words; to say out loud
(one's) wife; wife (of a peer or subordinate)
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
disliking; not wanting; unpleasant; disagreeable; no!; quit it!
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
to be late; to be delayed; to fall behind (in a race, one's studies, etc.); to lag behind; to be bereaved of; to be preceded by (someone) in death
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
in front (of); before (e.g. a building); before; earlier; (the) front; frontal part; forward
to finish; to stop; to close (a business, etc.); to close down; to put away; to put back
(for something) to have occurred; to have done (something); (for something) to happen on occasion
favoritism; favouritism; discrimination
to give birth; to bear (child); to lay (eggs); to produce; to yield; to give rise to