independence; self-reliance; independence (e.g. of a nation); freedom; separation; isolation
millennium; one thousand years; (fig.) long time
detergent; cleanser; cleaning agent; washing material
battle formation; camp; encampment; group; gang; war
Kyūju era (1154.10.28-1156.4.27)
banquet on the occasion of the first ceremonial offering of rice by the newly-enthroned emperor
folk songs; regional ballads
presentation of poem (to court)
Ōmi (former province located in present-day Shiga Prefecture)
to compose (e.g. poem); to recite; to intone; to chant
to (take out and) show; to demonstrate; to point out (finger, clock hand, needle, etc.); to indicate; to show
latest (fashion, hairstyle, etc.); up-to-date
topic; subject; much talked about; topical; in the news
indeed; really; very; extremely; absolutely; certainly
to talk; to speak; to tell; to explain; to speak (a language)
as many as one likes; as much as one likes; great many; plenty; almost (none); (not) much
book title; heading; topic; subject; Nichiren Buddhist chant
yawn; yawning; kanji "yawning" radical (radical 76)
story; tale; talk; discussion
retirement (from work); leading a quiet life (after retirement); retired person; retiree; surrendering headship of the family (pre-WWII)
gloomy; dismal; miserable; spirit of yin
young master; young gentleman
decisive; resolute; drastic
national language; Japanese language (often as a school subject in Japan); native Japanese words (as opposed to loanwords)
outbreak; spring forth; generation (e.g. of power or heat); genesis; ontogeny; development of complex multicellular structures from cell(s) in a simple state
to be incompatible; to be contradictory
mutually; with each other; reciprocally; together
companion; partner; other party; addressee; opponent (sports, etc.)
to permit; to allow; to forgive; to pardon; to exempt (someone) from; to remit; to acknowledge
former years; formerly; a few years ago
United Kingdom; Britain; Great Britain
old age; age; old people; (arch.) I; (arch.) me; (arch.) my humble self
professor; teaching; instruction
historic spot; historic remains; ruins
excavation; exhumation; discovery (e.g. new talent)
middle period; medium-term
clerk; secretary; scribe; copyist