until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
aeroplane; airplane; aircraft
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
which (of three or more); well; now; c'mon
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
full house; all seats occupied; fully occupied
once; for a short time; briefly; (arch.) one morning
somewhere; anywhere; in some respects
other (place, thing, person); the rest; outside; beyond; nothing except; nothing but
island; one's territory (e.g. of a sex worker, organized crime gang); one's turf
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
there (place relatively near listener); there (place just mentioned); that place; then (of some incident just spoken of); that (of point just raised); (arch.) you
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to discover; to find (e.g. an error in a book); to locate; to find (e.g. something missing); to be used to seeing; to be familiar with
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
so far; up to now; hitherto; that's enough (for today); it ends here
how many times; how many degrees (temperature, angle, etc.)
to try; to attempt; to have a go (at something)
(not) even once; (not) ever
failure; mistake; blunder
(something) has never occurred; to have never done (something); such a thing has not happened; never happens; there is never a time when
today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays
to fly; to soar; to jump; to leap; to spatter; to scatter; to hurry
to decide to; to pretend that; to make a practice of doing; to make it a rule to
embarkation; boarding (an aeroplane, airplane)
to begin; to start; to happen (again); to begin (anew); to date (from); to originate (in)
flight (e.g. airline flight); trip (e.g. train trip); mail; post; opportunity; chance
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
empty seat; unoccupied seat; vacancy; vacant post
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
towards (a destination); for the purpose of; with the goal of; targeting (a group, a demographic)
above; up; top; summit; surface; before; previous
while; during; while; although; all; both
near; neighbourhood; nearly (e.g. "it took nearly one year"); close to; shortly; soon