sign; mark; marker; marker
Meiji era (1868.9.8-1912.7.30)
to be disordered; to be disarranged; to be discomposed; to be upset; to lapse into chaos (due to war, etc.)
previous generation; former ages
contrast; juxtaposition; comparison; correlation (of strata)
lie; fib; mistake; error; unwise move; bad decision
disorder; disturbance; unrest
producing (people) in great numbers; appearing one after the other
always; all the time; at all times; (at) any time; whenever (you like)
type; kind; type (of person); (ideal) type; typewriter; typing (on a typewriter)
traditional; customary; conventional
calculation; self-interest; selfishness
to speak unanimously; to speak in chorus; to speak in unison; to speak in one voice
world; society; life; lifetime; age; era; reign
to grieve; to lament; to deplore; to admire; to sigh in admiration
while; although; (but) at the same time; on the other hand; half the face; profile
to conceal oneself; to hide; to endure; to bear; to stand
everyone; everybody; all; everything; all
kabuki; traditional form of drama and music performed by male actors wearing makeup mainly in white and red
jōruri; type of dramatic recitation accompanied by a shamisen (associated with Japanese puppet theater)
peasant uprising (Muromachi period)
advance (e.g. of Japanese exports) into overseas markets
international trade; foreign trade; overseas trade
economic condition; economic circumstances; financial situation
interest (on a deposit, loan, etc.)
accumulation; accumulate; store
restraint; restriction; control; check
Goryeo (dynasty of Korea; 918-1392 CE); Koryŏ; (arch.) Korea
Metal Tiger (27th term of the sexagenary cycle, e.g. 1950, 2010, 2070)
poverty; penury; need; shortage; lack; want
Kamakura shogunate (1185-1333)
competition; contest; rivalry; competition (between organisms or species)
to continue for a long time; to undergo a repeated series
Seto Inland Sea; Inland Sea
ruffian; scamp; hooligan; out-of-work person; day laborer without a job
first-person plural (or singular); second or third person plural (implies speaker is of higher status than those referred to)
specific; particular; designated; specifying; designating; identifying
at present; currently; so far; for now; for the time being
reason; significance; cause; piece of information that one has heard; I hear that ...; it is said that ...