Taketori Monogatari (The Tale of the Bamboo-Cutter)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
in this way; thus; such; uh...
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
society; the world; the times
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
what kind of; what sort of; what; no matter what (kind of); whatever; any
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
great; excellent; very troublesome; awful; tiring; tough
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
precise; exact; detailed; accurate; minute; close
(historical) investigation
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
shield; buckler; escutcheon; pretext
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
theory; doctrine; opinion; view; rumour; rumor
to laugh (something) off; to dismiss with a laugh; to pooh-pooh
even if ...; even supposing that ...; also as ...; also for ...; also from the position of ...
creator (of a work); author; writer; artist; composer; playwright
ordinary; common; free of charge; unaffected; as is; only
now; soon; already; yet; further; more
persistent; obstinate; tenacious; relentless; insistent; importunate
claim; insistence; assertion; advocacy; emphasis; contention
to continue; to keep up; to keep on
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
it is assuredly that ...; can say with confidence that ...
no; nay; well; er; you're welcome; not at all
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
and; and then; thus; and now; and finally
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
stone; jewel; precious stone; flint (in a lighter); stone (in go); stone (in the bladder, kidney etc.); calculus
from the standpoint of; as a matter of (e.g. fact); aboard (a ship or vehicle); on top of; first volume (e.g. book); superior quality; best
(arch.) I; (arch.) me; (person having) thin or shaved eyebrows; affectionate suffix for names of young men or pets
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
person; someone; human beings; mankind; human (Homo sapiens); (other) people; others
person; character; one's character; one's personality; able person; talented person
figure; design; twill weave; pattern of diagonal stripes; style (of writing); figure (of speech); design
to apologize; to apologise
above; up; top; summit; surface; before; previous
dragon (esp. a Chinese dragon); naga; semi-divine human-cobra chimera in Hindu and Buddhist mythology; promoted rook