indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
February; second month of the lunar calendar
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
end; tip; end (of the year, month, etc.); close; youngest child; descendants; offspring
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
spring; springtime; New Year; prime (of life); height (of one's prosperity); adolescence
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to approach; to draw near; to get close; to get acquainted with; to get closer to; to get to know
indicates word or phrase being defined; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); with; (not) as much as; (not) so much as; the fact that
with these words; while saying
still; as yet; (not) yet; more; (more) still; at least
cold (e.g. weather); uninteresting (esp. joke); lame; dull
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
crane (any bird of the family Gruidae, esp. the red-crowned crane, Grus japonensis)
looking; viewing; (please) try (to)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
above anything else; above all; more than anything; best; greatest; excellent
body; torso; trunk; build; physique; health
earth; ground; place; territory; bottom (of a package, book, etc.); earth (one of the five elements)
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to call out (to); to call; to summon (a doctor, etc.); to invite; to designate; to name; to garner (support, etc.)
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
Shizuoka (city, prefecture)
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
8th in rank; eighth sign of the Chinese calendar
painful; bitter; tough; difficult; cruel; harsh
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
thought; imagination; mind; desire; wish; love
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
at last; finally; barely; narrowly; just
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
to move (house); to transfer (department); to change the target of interest or concern; to elapse (passage of time); to be permeated by a colour or scent; to be infected
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become