ship's captain; skipper; length of a ship; boatman
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
talk; speech; topic; subject; discussions; negotiation; rumor
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
from now; from the present moment; from this time forward; henceforth
year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
in front (of); before (e.g. a building); before; earlier; (the) front; frontal part; forward
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
practice (in the field); training (esp. practical and hands-on); practical exercise; drill
student (esp. a university student)
as (i.e. in the role of); for (i.e. from the viewpoint of); apart from... (used to change the topic); even (e.g. "not even a single person"); thinking that...; trying to...
practice; training; drill; (an) exercise; workout
sailing ship; sailing boat; sailing vessel
koto (13-stringed Japanese zither); (arch.) stringed instrument
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
honorific/polite/humble prefix
circle; entirety; whole; money; dough; enclosure inside a castle's walls; soft-shelled turtle
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to get on aboard; to join a ship
time; hour; occasion; case; chance; opportunity
teacher; instructor; professor
warehouse; storehouse; cellar; magazine; granary; godown
good fortune (esp. omikuji fortune-telling result); good luck; auspiciousness; unspecified day of the month (used to obscure the date a letter, invitation, etc. was written)
side (of something, or taking someone's side); part; (watch) case
warehouse; storehouse; cellar; magazine; granary; godown
base (military, expedition, etc.)
teacher; instructor; sensei; title or form of address for a teacher, master, doctor, lawyer, etc.; intimate or teasing form of address; (arch.) one's elder
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
to hear; to listen (e.g. to music); to ask; to enquire; to hear about; to hear of; to follow (advice, order, etc.)
story of one's experience; recounting of one's experiences; narrative; testimonial
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
abdomen; belly; womb; one's mind; one's real intentions; courage; nerve
there (place relatively near listener); there (place just mentioned); that place; then (of some incident just spoken of); that (of point just raised); (arch.) you
deep emotion; impression; inspiration
whole life; a lifetime; all through life; (the only, the greatest, etc.) of one's life
to forget; to leave carelessly; to be forgetful of; to forget about; to forget (an article)
speaking of ...; when it comes to ...; as for ...; if one were to say ...
Meiji era (1868.9.8-1912.7.30)