spicy; hot; salty; harsh (criticism); severe (punishment); painful
bone; frame; outline; core; backbone; spirit
nothing special; no big deal; doesn't matter
kan (obs. unit of weight, approx. 3.75 kg, 8.3 lb); kan (obs. unit of currency, equiv. to 1000 mon in the Edo period; col. 10 mon in the Meiji period); counter for pieces of sushi; 10 points; 12 points
carapace; shell; 1st in rank; grade A; instep; back of hand
manjū; steamed yeast bun with filling
shoulders; body; honour; honor; prestige
sharing; division; draw; tie
estimate (of costs); budget
habutai; habutae; fine Japanese silk
clothing (e.g. kimono) decorated with one's family crest
obi; kimono sash; paper wrapper on books, CDs, etc.; band; belt; cingulum
to miss (doing); to fail (to do)
crow (Corvus spp.); raven
local specialty or souvenir bought as a gift while travelling; present brought by a visitor; something unpleasant that one is given (e.g. an illness while on vacation); unwelcome gift
seventh principle of the Eight Principles of Yong; stroke that falls leftwards with slight curve
Sukhavati (Amitabha's Pure Land); paradise; heaven on earth
treaty; pact; convention; agreement
just right (time, size, length, etc.)
to make someone cry; to move someone to tears; to grieve
grandmother; old woman; female senior citizen
treasuring; cherishing; prizing; holding dear
oh!; good heavens!; ugh!; oh no!; ah!; the penny drops!
yes; that is correct; um; errr; huh?; grrr
to be raised (e.g. child); to be brought up; to grow (up)
elementary school student; primary school student; grade school student
splash pattern (e.g. on a kimono); dye pattern; kasuri
to graze (e.g. bullet); to scratch; to touch lightly; to take a percentage; to exploit; to squeeze
clothes for a newborn baby; baby clothes
sleeve; wing (of a stage, desk, gate, etc.)
unreasonable; absurd; irrational; very
to descend; to go down; to be handed down (of an order, judgment, etc.); to pass (of time); to surrender; to capitulate; to be less than
labour shortage; labor shortage; shortage of workers; shortage of hands
black; dark; blackish; suspicious; criminal; darkened and dirty; sooty
to rot; to go bad; to corrode; to weather; to become useless; to blunt; to become depraved
(apparently) that's what it's like, isn't it
rice reaping; rice harvesting
damp; humid; wet; gloomy; melancholy
something to wear; clothes
the West; the Occident; Western countries