one; 1; best; first; foremost; beginning; start
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
moon viewing (esp. during the eight month of the lunar calendar)
triple; treble; threefold; three-ply; triplicate
tower; steeple; spire; stupa; pagoda; dagoba
kurin; nine vertically stacked rings on a pagoda finial
kurin; nine vertically stacked rings on a pagoda finial
above; up; top; summit; surface; before; previous
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
frequently; repeatedly; eagerly; keenly; hard; terribly
wide open sky; the blue; heavens; firmament
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to look at; to gaze at; to look out over; to get a view of; to look on (from the sidelines); to stand by and watch
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
child; kid; (one's) child; offspring; young (animal); young woman; offshoot
moonrise; rise of the Moon
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to lead; to take the lead (in doing something); to precede; to go before; to die before (esp. one's spouse, parents, etc.); to be a prerequisite
high; tall; expensive; high-priced; high (level); above average (in degree, quality, etc.)
thereupon; shortly thereafter
to ascend; to go up; to ascend (as a natural process, e.g. the Sun); to rise; to go to (the capital); to be promoted; to add up to
habit (often a bad habit, i.e. vice); tendency; peculiarity; idiosyncrasy; crease; wrinkle
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
person; someone; human beings; mankind; human (Homo sapiens); (other) people; others
to ask; to inquire; to blame (someone) for; to accuse of; to care about; to regard as important
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
to go out to meet; to receive; to welcome; to accept (e.g. as a member of a group or family); to call for; to summon
to leave; to exit; to leave (on a journey); to depart; to move forward; to come to; to get to
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
whatever the case; under any circumstances
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
should (be); bound (to be); nock (of a bow); nock (of an arrow); nock-shaped grip (between thumb and forefinger); wooden frame on the tip of the mast of a Japanese ship that prevents the hawser from falling out
evening; night; dinner; evening meal; counter for nights
so; therefore; accordingly; consequently; on those grounds; that is why
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
necessary; needed; essential; necessity; need; requirement
be supposed or expected to (do); be sure to (do); ought to (do)
sky; heaven; God; svarga (heaven-like realm visited as a stage of death and rebirth); deva (divine being of Buddhism); top (of a book); sole (of a Japanese sandal)
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding