one-thousandth; 0.03 mm (one-thousandth of a sun); 0.01 percent (one-thousandth of a wari); old monetary unit (0.0001 yen)
practical use; application; conjugation; inflection
actual existence; real existence; existing in real life
nothing; naught; nought; un-; non-
to clasp; to grasp; to hold (the answer); to have (e.g. the solution); to seize (power); to hold (the reins)
as one would expect; naturally; indeed; still; all the same; after all
holding one's ground; defending local authority
one face; one surface; the whole surface; one aspect; one side; (on) the other hand; one broad, flat object
grace (of God); benevolence (of Buddha); assistance; help; effects; influence
brewing; fermenting; arousing; causing; creating
Bakumatsu period; closing days of the Tokugawa shogunate; end of the Edo period
reformation; revolution; renewal; Meiji Restoration
public opinion; unbiased criticism; unbiassed criticism
present day; modern times; recent times; early modern period (in Japan, usu. from the Meiji Restoration until the end of World War II)
anthesis; flowering season
flowers budding; blooming; flowering; showing results; becoming popular; blooming
remains; dregs; vestiges; remnant; residue
powerlessness; helplessness; incompetent
to prove; to substantiate
alphabet; ABCs; the ABCs (of); basics; activity-based costing; ABC
cannot avoid doing; cannot help but (do); is compelled to do; (feel) obliged to (do); has to do
sovereignty; supremacy; dominion
propriety; right or wrong; justice
composition; construction; formation; makeup; structure; organization
settlement (financial); squaring accounts; liquidation; ending (a relationship); breaking up (with)
Shōwa era (1926.12.25-1989.1.7); reminiscent of the Shōwa era; Shōwa- nostalgic; old-fashioned
magnificent imperial reign
enlightenment; development; edification; public awareness; illumination; education
baggage; luggage; burden; albatross around one's neck; excess baggage
outside the country; abroad
Triple Intervention (diplomatic intervention by Russia, Germany and France over the terms of the Treaty of Shimonoseki)