sword (esp. a large, double-edged one); blade; bayonet; swordsmanship; stinger; ovipositor
long sword (esp. the tachi, worn on the hip edge down by samurai); large sword; straight single-edged Japanese sword (from the mid-Heian period or earlier)
already; now; by this time; quick; early; fast
(ancient) Japan; Yamato (former province located in present-day Nara Prefecture)
man (esp. one who is well-respected); samurai; person (in a certain profession, esp. licensed); member
plain; field; hidden (structural) member; wild; lacking a political post
volume (of book); reel (of film); scroll (of books or paintings); roll (paper, etc.)
to bite; to chew; to gnaw; to fumble one's words (esp. during a play, broadcast, etc.); to falter with one's words; to crash against (e.g. of waves); to break onto (shore)
to rule; to govern; (arch.) to see; (arch.) to look; (arch.) to watch
(tree) trunk; (arrow) shaft; (tool) handle; backbone; base
Owari (former province located in the west of present-day Aichi Prefecture)
pine tree (Pinus spp.); highest (of a three-tier ranking system)
clothes; garment; gown; robe; coating (e.g. glaze, batter, icing)
to put clothes on (someone); to dress; to cover; to coat; to pin (e.g. a crime on someone); to lay (blame)
to drain; to flow (unobstructed); to sell well; to be in good demand; to exit the stage; to remove (a prop) from the stage
traffic; transportation; communication; exchange (of ideas, etc.); intercourse
to open out (of a view, scenery, etc.); to spread out; to improve (of luck, prospects, etc.); to get better; to develop (of a town, civilization, etc.); to become civilized; to be sensible
Man'yōshū (8th century anthology of Japanese poetry)
traditional Japanese poem with verses of five and seven morae repeated at least three times, usu. ending with a verse of seven; long epic song with shamisen accompaniment (developed in Kyoto in the late 16th century)
tanka; 31-mora Japanese poem
rough (estimate, outline, etc.); broad; general; generous; openhanded
meter (in Chinese poetry); consistency
going; travelling; act; action; bank; counter for banks; counter for groups or parties of people
one by one; each; every; at intervals of
to step on; to tread on; to set foot on (e.g. foreign soil); to stand on; to experience; to undergo; to follow (rules, principles, etc.)
expert; learned person; doctor; PhD; instructor at the imperial court (ritsuryo period); pitch and length marks (to accompany a Buddhist liturgical chant, etc.)
(historical) investigation
back to back; discord; feud; opposite sides of the same coin
national language; Japanese language (often as a school subject in Japan); native Japanese words (as opposed to loanwords)
emphasis (e.g. placed on a word); stress; tone (of voice)
chief; main; principal; main secondary or supporting role (in kyogen)
flat board; slab; slat; monotonous; dull; flat
characteristic; traditional; peculiar; inherent; native; eigen-
word of Japanese origin; native Japanese word
foreign; imported; outpatient; outpatient care; outpatient clinic
Japanese word of Chinese origin; Sino-Japanese word; (ancient) Chinese language
pole; rod; line; dash; spoken monotonously
investigation; inspection; examination; tune; note; melody
gently sloping; gentle; easy; smooth