talk; speech; topic; subject; discussions; negotiation; rumor
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
text (of a book, document, etc.); body (of a letter); this passage; this sentence
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to be aware of; to know; to notice; to feel; to understand; to comprehend; to remember
peace; tranquility; tranquillity; (arch.) happy-go-lucky
account; history; chronicle; Kojiki; Records of Ancient Matters
volume (of book); reel (of film); scroll (of books or paintings); roll (paper, etc.)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to leave; to exit; to leave (on a journey); to depart; to move forward; to come to; to get to
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
old; aged; long; since long ago; of the distant past; long-ago
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
seeming ...; appearing ...; -ish; like a ...; typical of ...
warehouse; storehouse; cellar; magazine; granary; godown
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
book; document; calligraphy (esp. Chinese); penmanship; handwriting; letter
pretext; history; past; according to ...; ... says
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to pull; to tug; to draw (attention, sympathy, etc.); to attract (e.g. interest); to draw back (e.g. one's hand); to draw in (one's chin, stomach, etc.); to draw (a card, mahjong tile, etc.)
sentence; composition; text; the literary arts (as opposed to the military arts); academia; statement
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
perhaps; probably; generous; many; much
taking excerpts; extraction
to be seen; to be in sight; to look; to seem; to come
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
next; following; subsequent; stage; station
Engen era (of the Southern Court) (1336.2.29-1340.4.28)
first year (of an imperial era); year something (important) first happened or began
New Year (esp. first three days); first month of the year; January
government forces; loyalist army