study of natural laws; branch of neo-Confusianist scholarship
lineage; line; unification; all (of you)
technology; engineering; technique; skill; art; craft
Sakuma Shouzan (1811-1864)
seat of honor; seat of honour
to lurk; to be hidden; to be concealed; to lie dormant; to be latent
dry riverbed; river beach
being left out; being excluded; being ostracized
(raw) ore; unpolished gemstone
Takano Chouei (1804-1850)
mastery; learning through experience; realization; realisation; comprehension
club budget; club expense
have to do; must; should; ought to
responsibility; liability; blame; torture; torment; persecution
if it is the case that ...
all that one has; all that there is; the whole
to have an ulterior motive; to have an axe to grind
diffusion; spread; popularization; promulgation; familiarization
second line of a four-line Chinese poem
small number; few; minority
the old feudal government; shogunate
group; flock; crowd; wide expanse (of flowers)
the shogunate period; the days of the shogunate regime
throne; crown; government position; court rank; social standing; rank; grade (of quality, etc.)
widow; divorced woman not remarried; unmarried woman
disastrous; tragic; miserable; wretched; pitiful; woeful
to be charged with a mission
information; experience; knowledge; observation
to get up (e.g. from bed); to make one's way in the world; to achieve in life
influential; prominent; strong; likely; plausible
founder; organizer; organiser
(one's) speech; expression of views; discussion