chapter one; first chapter
one; 1; best; first; foremost; beginning; start
circle; entirety; whole; money; dough; enclosure inside a castle's walls; soft-shelled turtle
such things as ...; and ... and; the minute (that) ...; no sooner than ...; be; is; o
just (e.g. "just wait here"); come now; tolerably; passably; well...; I think...
honorific/polite/humble prefix
to float; to become merry; to be cheerful; to become loose; to become unsteady; to feel out of it; to be cut off (e.g. from those around you)
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
Nagasaki (city, prefecture)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to draw; to paint; to depict; to describe; to picture in one's mind; to imagine
(approximate) time; around; suitable time (or condition); time of year; season
foreign ship (esp. of Spanish and Portuguese ships arriving from the south prior to the Edo period)
ship; boat; tank; tub; counter for boat-shaped containers (e.g. of sashimi)
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
wind; breeze; manner; behaviour; cold; influenza
force; strength; capability; ability; efficacy; effect; effort
by means of; due to; because of; according to
to cross over; to go across; to extend; to cover; to range
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
three (long cylindrical things); three-of-a-kind (in a dealt hand)
necessary; indispensable; must-have; must; juice of grapes or other fruit prior to fermentation into wine
sailing ship; sailing boat; sailing vessel
seeming ...; appearing ...; -ish; like a ...; typical of ...
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
going in and out; entering and exiting; visiting regularly; frequenting; income and expenditure; incomings and outgoings; increase and decrease
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to use (a thing, method, etc.); to make use of; to use (a person, animal, puppet, etc.); to employ; to use (time, money, etc.); to spend
like; similar to; (I) think (that); (I) have a feeling (that); feels like; feels similar to
but (still); and yet; nevertheless; even so; notwithstanding
once; one time; temporarily; for a moment; one degree; one tone
those (near the second person)
off the coast; offshore; out at sea
figure; form; appearance; dress; state; condition
to represent; to signify; to reveal; to show; to express; to make widely known
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
sudden; abrupt; urgent; pressing; steep; sharp; rapid