substitute; replacement; stand-in; proxy; compensation; exchange
elaborate; delicate; exquisite
to boast of; to be proud of; to take pride in
anti-aircraft fire; shooting at an aircraft (from ground or ship)
calculation; estimation; computation
to eat; to live; to make a living; to bite; to sting (as insects do); to tease; to torment
to intensify; to be excited; to fly into a rage; to dash against; to encourage
fixed period; fixed term; regular; periodic; fixed-term commuter pass; fixed-term deposit
firmly; solidly; sturdily; strongly; toughly
bamboo grass; generally smaller species of running bamboo that do not shed their sheaths (e.g. Sasa spp.)
wire netting; wire mesh; wire screen; chain-link mesh
deep (colour); dark; strong (flavour, smell, etc.); thick (consistency); dense; strong (possibility, etc.)
second lieutenant; sublieutenant; ensign
abrupt; sudden; unexpected
sight (e.g. of a gun); aim; alignment
shoji (paper sliding door)
private first-class (army); airman first class (air force); lance corporal (US Marines; Commonwealth military); seaman (navy)
friendly army; friendly troops; allied army
sight (signs) of an aeroplane (airplane)
observation; survey; measurement; opinion; prediction; thinking
difficulty; hardship; trouble; infeasibility; inability (to carry out)
string; cord; man who is financially dependent on a woman; gigolo; restrictions; conditions
surface; face (i.e. the visible side of an object); front (of a building, etc.); obverse side (i.e. "head") of a coin; outside; exterior; appearance
time; (the) hour; favourable time; opportunity; chance
patrolling; making one's rounds
ten-day period (in a month); ten-year period (in one's age); decade
upper reaches of a river; upstream
empty air; sky; shunyata; emptiness; air force; fruitlessness; meaninglessness
gazing steadily at; observing (a person) closely; maintain a watch over
useless; vain; aimless; idle
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
zigzag-shaped paper streamer often used to adorn Shinto-related objects; hornbeam (deciduous tree in the birch family)
basket (shopping, etc.); hamper; cage
to stop (an activity); to cease; to discontinue; to cancel; to abandon; to give up