Bakumatsu period; closing days of the Tokugawa shogunate; end of the Edo period
crowd of people; great number of people; in great numbers
to push; to press; to apply pressure from above; to press down; to stamp (i.e. a passport); to apply a seal; to affix (e.g. gold leaf)
Edo Castle (residence of the Shogun during the Edo period, now the site of the Tokyo Imperial Palace)
government forces; loyalist army
to ferry across (e.g. a river); to carry across; to lay across; to build across; to hand over; to hand in
in the belly; in one's heart of hearts
diligently; seriously; perfectly; properly; sufficiently; satisfactorily
to lend; to loan; to rent out; to hire out
opportunity; chance; folding; fold; small food box (wooden or cardboard); folding in ... (two, three, etc.); counter for folded items
lower reaches (of a river); bottom; lower part; lower half (of the body, esp. the privates); feces (faeces); end
on the occasion of; at the time of
old-fashioned; ancient-looking; time-worn
to hit; to strike; to strike (noon, etc.); to sound (cymbals, etc.); to beat (rhythmically, e.g. pulse, waves, etc.); to move; to impress
original home; birthplace; originator
as a matter of fact; actually; effectively; in reality; in effect
to change into; to convert into; to transform; to be reduced; to influence; to improve (someone)
mismatched; odd; irregular; inconsistent; incoherent; confused
road construction; roadworks; road repairs
to be open (to traffic); to lead to; to flow (liquid, current); to pass; to be understood; to be comprehended; to be honored
to rely on; to depend on; to count on; to turn to (for help)
other (place, thing, person); the rest; outside; beyond; nothing except; nothing but
circle; entirety; whole; money; dough; enclosure inside a castle's walls; soft-shelled turtle
inside; within; while (e.g. one is young); during; among; amongst; in (secret, chaos, poverty, etc.)
each; (arch.) you (plural)
ward; borough; city (in Tokyo); district (e.g. electoral); section; zone (e.g. postal)
everywhere; all over; throughout
drainage; ditch; gutter; sewage; black water
to give thought to; to bear in mind; to keep in mind
amateur; layman; respectable woman (i.e. not a prostitute, hostess, geisha); (arch.) unlicensed prostitute
also; too; not ... either; (it's not possible) no matter what; although one might wish otherwise
small quantity; little; little while; short distance
to be careful; to pay attention; to take care
gas (state of matter, e.g. poison gas, natural gas); gasoline; gas; dense fog; thick fog; gas stove
gas (state of matter, e.g. poison gas, natural gas); gasoline; gas; dense fog; thick fog; gas stove
underground wire or cable
that's the way it is; such is life
all; everything; entirety; absolutely (not); (not) at all; (none) whatsoever
having no thought for; having no consideration for; disregarding; overlooking; (arch.) being found not guilty (in an Edo-period court); (arch.) acquittal