foreword; preface; introduction; postscript
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
manuscript; version; draft
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
than; from; out of; except; but; more
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
new; neo-; newness; novelty; Gregorian calendar; Xin dynasty (China, 9-23 CE)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
back (side); reverse; other side; inside; background; dark side (e.g. of society)
distinction; difference; separate; different; exception; exclusion
particularly; especially; in particular; expressly
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to make; to produce; to prepare (food); to brew (alcohol); to raise; to grow; to till
good; advantage; sake; purpose; consequence; result
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
simply; merely; only; solely
look; appearance; spectacle; sight; observation meditation; outlook on ...
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to be due to; to be caused by; to depend on; to turn on; to be based on; to come from
direction; district; area; field (e.g. of study); sphere; quarter
to be responsible for; to bear the responsibility of
show; performance; act; entertainment industry; show business
person; -er; (arch.) expert; (arch.) geisha; (arch.) prostitute
the rest; the others; in addition (to that); besides that; and so forth; and the like
large number (of); many; majority
people; men and women; each person; everybody
trouble; bother; annoyance
to hang up (e.g. a coat, a picture on the wall); to let hang; to put on (e.g. a blanket); to put on top of; to put on (glasses, etc.); to wear (a necklace, etc.); to make (a call)
article; news story; report; account
accurate; correct; precise; exact
to fix (a time, date, etc.); to set; to expect; to hope for; to resolve (to do); to decide upon
that kind of; of the sort; of the kind; such
very; awfully; exceedingly; (not) at all; by no means; simply (cannot)
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
practice (as opposed to theory); actual practice; actual site; (at) the scene; (on) the spot
investigation; examination; inquiry; enquiry; survey
and; moreover; besides; as well as; and on top of that; at the same time