battle; fight; war; struggle; conflict
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
to lose; to be defeated; to succumb; to give in; to be inferior to; to break out in a rash due to (e.g. lacquer, shaving, etc.)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
which way; which direction; which one (esp. of two alternatives); who
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
white; innocence; innocent person; blank space; white go stone; white dragon tile; skewered grilled pig intestine
obi; kimono sash; paper wrapper on books, CDs, etc.; band; belt; cingulum
opposite side; other side; over there; that way; the other party; the other person
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to be seen; to be in sight; to look; to seem; to come
now; the present time; just now; another; more
right hand; right-hand side; right-hand direction; (on) the right
to hit; to strike; to strike (noon, etc.); to sound (cymbals, etc.); to beat (rhythmically, e.g. pulse, waves, etc.); to move; to impress
as usual; as always; as before; as ever; still
no holds barred; anything goes; no limits
indicates emotion or admiration; indicates emphasis; I; me; wah!; boo!
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
course; route; course (of study); program; lane (in running, swimming, etc.); course (of action); policy
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to read; to recite (e.g. a sutra); to chant; to predict; to guess; to decipher; to count
racket; paddle (in table-tennis)
to change way one holds something; to transfer something from one hand to the other
why?; what for?; how?; by what means?
to make war (on); to wage war (against); to compete (against); to struggle (against adversities, etc.); to fight
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; not; 's
seems; I think; I guess; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
on purpose; deliberately; intentionally
again; once more; also; too; on the other hand; while; and
to invite; to ask (someone to do); to tempt; to lure; to induce (tears, laughter, sleepiness, etc.); to arouse (e.g. sympathy)
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
hesitation; indecision; vacillation
to push into; to cram into; to stuff into; to break in; to burgle; to burglarize
adds force or indicates command
still; as yet; (not) yet; more; (more) still; at least
things like; something like; someone like; such a thing as; (the fact) that; to think that
speck; dot; point; only a little; particle; only one
to return (something); to restore; to turn over; to turn upside down; to pay back; to retaliate; to respond (with)
from here; from this place
don't worry about it; never mind; that's OK
water's edge; beach; shore
one long cylindrical thing; one film, TV show, etc.; one version; one book; a certain book; ippon; one point
concentration; focusing; convergence; within a collection of works
(some) more; even more; longer; further