indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to get tired of; to lose interest in; to be fed up with; to have enough
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
yes; indeed; ha!; what?; huh?; sigh
when; at what time; how soon; normal times; ordinary days
to eat; to live on (e.g. a salary); to live off; to subsist on
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
most; highest; maximum; best; wonderful; finest
sniff; sniff-sniff (esp. an animal); whining; whimpering
sweet-tasting; sweet; fragrant (smelling); sweet (music); lightly salted; light in salt; naive
to smell; to smell of; to have a smell
as expected; sure enough; after all (is said and done); in the end; too; also
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
you; buddy; monarch; ruler; he; she
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
talk; speech; topic; subject; discussions; negotiation; rumor
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to hear; to listen (e.g. to music); to ask; to enquire; to hear about; to hear of; to follow (advice, order, etc.)
stuffed toy; stuffed animal; plush toy; soft toy; cuddly toy
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
large; big; older; senior; final; ultimate
what; how many; many; a lot of; several; a few
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
soft to the touch (e.g. fur, feathers); fluffy; to stroke (something fluffy); to rub; to pat
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to separate; to part; to divide; to keep apart
to wait; to await; to look forward to; to depend on; to need
I'm sorry; my apologies; may I come in?; permission; leave; dismissal
the person in question; prominent figure; distinguished person; that person
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
that's the way it is; yes; is that so?; is it?
now; the present time; just now; another; more
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise