if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
innate ability; innate talent; natural gift
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to give (esp. to someone of lower status); to bestow; to provide; to afford; to assign; to cause
all one's life; throughout one's life; as long as one lives
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
rival; competitor; competition
to think (about, of); to think over; to consider; to bear in mind; to think (that); to believe; to intend (to do)
piano (instrument); piano (dynamic)
prefix for forming ordinal numbers
number (in a series); (one's) turn; watch; guard; rank; standing; bout
first; foremost; most important; best; greatest; above all
liking; being fond of; liking (romantically); being in love with; faddism; eccentricity
that's the way it is; yes; is that so?; is it?
to gnaw; to nibble; to bite; to dabble in; to know a little bit about; to learn a little of
degree; amount; grade; standard; of the order of (following a number); about
death; (an) out; death penalty (by strangulation or decapitation; most severe of the five ritsuryō punishments)
indicates word or phrase being defined; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); with; (not) as much as; (not) so much as; the fact that
to hear; to listen (e.g. to music); to ask; to enquire; to hear about; to hear of; to follow (advice, order, etc.)
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
you said; he said; even if; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
language; dialect; word; phrase; speech; (manner of) speaking
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to know; to be aware (of); to sense; to feel; to understand; to comprehend; to remember
indicates emotion or admiration; indicates emphasis; I; me; wah!; boo!
such; that sort of; that kind of; no way!; never!
strict; close; precise; scrupulous
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
Einstein; Einstein, Albert (1879-1955; German-born theoretical physicist)
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
record; document; minutes; record (e.g. in sports); setting (a record); recording (a record high, etc.)
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...