here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
stone wall; natural stone wall
island; one's territory (e.g. of a sex worker, organized crime gang); one's turf
certain; sure; doubtless; I have no doubt; You can depend on it; It's a safe bet
Island; insula; island; islet
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
this sort of; this kind of; like this; such
to have been decided (so) that; to have been arranged (so) that; to be the result (of); to be the outcome; to be the reason (for)
cattle (Bos taurus); cow; beef; Chinese "Ox" constellation (one of the 28 mansions)
amount necessary to fill a container (e.g. cupful, spoonful, etc.); drink (usu. alcoholic); full; one squid, octopus, crab, etc.; one boat; fully; to capacity
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
by no means; never!; something unexpected; emergency; (arch.) currently; (arch.) for the time being
truth; reality; proper; right; genuine; authentic
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
rikka; formal style of ikebana
teacher; instructor; sensei; title or form of address for a teacher, master, doctor, lawyer, etc.; intimate or teasing form of address; (arch.) one's elder
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
to finish; to stop; to close (a business, etc.); to close down; to put away; to put back
indicates word or phrase being defined; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); with; (not) as much as; (not) so much as; the fact that
why?; what for?; how?; by what means?
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
heavy; weighty; heavy (feeling); depressed; slow; sluggish; important (position, responsibility, etc.)
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
to be saved; to be rescued; to escape harm; to be spared damage; to be helped; to be saved trouble
no; nay; well; er; you're welcome; not at all
exactly; precisely; just; as if; as though; quite
to return; to come home; to leave; to get home; to get to home plate
place; spot; address; district; area; one's house; point
that being the case; because of ...; the reason is ...; given that ...
don't worry about it; forget about it
please (give me); please (do for me)
in that way; thus; so; so?
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
cannot (due to external circumstances); cannot afford to; must not; impossible to; no way one can (do)
thanks; gratitude; manners; etiquette; bow; reward
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
a short while ago; a moment ago; just now; some time ago
lottery; tombola; drawing
ticket; coupon; bond; certificate
to receive; to take; to get somebody to do something; to have in one's pocket (a fight, match); to contract (a disease); to catch
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
to be hit; to strike; to touch; to be in contact; to be equivalent to; to be applicable; to be right on the money (of a prediction, criticism, etc.)