long (distance, length); long (time); protracted; prolonged
summer vacation; summer holiday
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to begin; to start; to happen (again); to begin (anew); to date (from); to originate (in)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
fullness; completion; enhancement; improvement; replenishment; repletion
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to pass (time); to spend; to overdo (esp. of one's alcohol consumption); to drink (alcohol); (arch.) to take care of; (arch.) to support
don't you think?; indicates question
in this way; thus; such; uh...
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
day; days; sun; sunshine; (the) day; daytime; date
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to burn; to be roasted; to be heated; to be jealous; to be envious
lively; full of spirit; energetic; healthy; well; fit
face; visage; look; expression; honor; honour
after a long time; for the first time in a while
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
to be able (to); to be possible (to)
very; greatly; immense; enormous; serious; grave
happy; glad; pleased; joyful; delightful; gratifying
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
senior high school student
to get; to earn; to understand; to comprehend; to receive something undesirable (e.g. a punishment); to get (ill)
something; nothing (with neg. verb)
also; too; not ... either; (it's not possible) no matter what; although one might wish otherwise
to change; to alter; to transform; to reform; to revise; to amend
difficult to ...; hard to ...
and; and then; thus; and now; and finally
again; once more; also; too; on the other hand; while; and
to end; to come to an end; to close; to finish
fast; quick; early (in the day, etc.); premature; (too) soon; not yet
past; after; too (much); over- (e.g. eating)
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
now; soon; already; yet; further; more
to play (games, sports); to enjoy oneself; to mess about (with alcohol, gambling, philandery, etc.); to be idle; to do nothing; to meet up (with friends); to hang out
seems; I think; I guess; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
in that way; thus; so; so?