to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
end; conclusion; last; final; no sooner than; once
battle; fight; war; struggle; conflict
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
all members; all hands; everyone; everybody; whole crew
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
besides; in addition; also; moreover
lapel badge; collar badge
colour; color; complexion; skin colour; look (on one's face); expression; appearance
to differ (from); to vary; to not be in the usual condition; to not match the correct (answer, etc.); to be different from promised; isn't it?
approximately; about; to (about) the extent that; (almost) enough that; as ... as ...; like
I wonder; should I?; is it?; I wish that; I hope that
to tell X from Y; to distinguish; to know (one thing) from (another)
companion; follower; attendant; retinue
(arch.) offering (to the gods, emperor, etc.); gift; sacrifice
family; relatives; dependents; household
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
scary; frightening; eerie; dreadful
to die; to pass away; to lose spirit; to lose vigor; to cease; to stop
to be resurrected; to be resuscitated; to be rehabilitated; to be recalled (e.g. memories); to be brought back
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
quite; entirely; completely; as if; as though; just like
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
such; that sort of; that kind of; no way!; never!
to attack; to assail; to succeed (someone in a post, role, etc.); to make a sudden visit
but (still); and yet; nevertheless; even so; notwithstanding
in this way; thus; such; uh...
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
to stand in the way (esp. with legs spread out); to block the way; to stand in the way (e.g. of progress); to obstruct
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
pride; boast; credit (to)
good; advantage; sake; purpose; consequence; result
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
(ancient) Japan; Yamato (former province located in present-day Nara Prefecture)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to protect; to guard; to defend; to keep (i.e. a promise); to abide (by the rules); to observe
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
strong; potent; strong; brawny; good (at); skilled; being able to handle
will; volition; intention; intent; determination