you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
yo!; hello there!; wow!; oh!; yah! (yell)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
practice; training; drill; (an) exercise; workout
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
after all; because; but; even; too; as well
to look down on (someone); to make fun of; to put down; to treat with contempt; to underestimate
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; not; 's
endorsing and questioning the preceding statement; lamenting reflections on the preceding statement
this time; now; next time; another time; recently; lately
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
ordinary; common; free of charge; unaffected; as is; only
to finish; to end; to merely result in something less severe than expected; to feel at ease; to feel unease or guilt for troubling someone; to be sorry
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
life; living; I; me; student
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
end; conclusion; last; final; no sooner than; once
mass meeting; convention; tournament; competition; grand event
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
and; besides; because; since; the thing is; for one thing
from now; from the present moment; from this time forward; henceforth
diligently; seriously; perfectly; properly; sufficiently; satisfactorily
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to be aware of; to know; to notice; to feel; to understand; to comprehend; to remember
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
alone; by oneself; on one's own
well then ...; in that situation; in which case
no good; not serving its purpose; hopeless; wasted; cannot; must not
what!; oh; what the heck; what the; damn
baseball club (at a university, corporation, etc.); baseball team
as (i.e. in the role of); for (i.e. from the viewpoint of); apart from... (used to change the topic); even (e.g. "not even a single person"); thinking that...; trying to...
everyone; everybody; all; everything; all
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
what?!; what did you say?!; why?; what for?; anyone; anything
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
chic; smart; understanding; considerate; familiar with worldly pleasures (esp. sexual relations, geisha districts and red-light districts)
consent; assent; understanding; agreement; comprehension; grasp
nonexistent; not being (there); not having; not
adds force or indicates command