south side of a mountain; Sanyo district
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to go around; to make a circle around; to surround; to circle; to come around (of a season, anniversary, turn, etc.); to return
war; battle; campaign; (arch.) troops; (arch.) forces
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
Qin dynasty (of China; 221-207 BCE); Ch'in dynasty
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
victory; triumph; win; conquest; success
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
end; ending; close; end of (one's) life; death
defeat; lost battle; defeated army
commander; general; leader
as (i.e. in the role of); for (i.e. from the viewpoint of); apart from ... (used to change the topic); even (e.g. "not even a single person"); thinking that ...; trying to ...
royal capital; imperial capital
large; big; great; prominent; -sized; as big as; university
Liang dynasty (of China; 502-557)
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to turn back (e.g. half-way); to return; to go back; to recover (e.g. something lost); to be returned; to rebound
to permit; to allow; to forgive; to pardon; to exempt (someone) from; to remit; to acknowledge
blunder; fault; error; mistake; failure; disgrace
Wei (kingdom in China during the Three Kingdoms period; 220-266 CE); Cao Wei; Wei (kingdom in China during the Warring States period; 403-225 BCE)
king; ruler; tycoon; magnate; king (of the senior player)
life; life force; lifetime; lifespan; most important thing; foundation
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
decapitation; decapitated head
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
complaint; grumbling; objection; phrase; words; expression
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; penis; (one's) thing
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
country; state; region; national government; central government; home (i.e. hometown, home country); province (of Japan)
good; advantage; sake; purpose; consequence; result
choice; selection; option
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
repeatedly; over and over again; fully (e.g. understand); very much; very well
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
to be (animate); to be; to be ...-ing; to have ...-ed; to be ...-ed; to (have the audacity to) do
to condemn; to blame; to urge; to press; to torture; to torment
spirit; mind; nature; disposition; intention; mind; mood
et cetera; etc.; or something; the likes of; for example; for instance
particle; atom; little piece; not at all; not the slightest
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as