indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
flower; blossom; cherry blossom; beauty; blooming (esp. of cherry blossoms); ikebana; hanafuda
blood; blood; ancestry; (the) blood; feelings
smell; scent; aura; whiff; faint, mist-like pattern along the temper line of a Japanese sword
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm
ogre; demon; spirit of a deceased person; ogre-like person (i.e. fierce, relentless, merciless, etc.); it (in a game of tag, hide-and-seek, etc.); seeker; Chinese "ghost" constellation (one of the 28 mansions)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to seal (e.g. a letter); to prevent (e.g. movement); to forbid; to block (e.g. speech)
human being; human; person; character (of a person)
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have ...-ed; to be ...-ed
town; block; downtown; main street; street; road
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; penis; (one's) thing
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
now; the present time; just now; another; more
something; some; somehow; for some reason; (so) what (are you trying to say)?; what (do you mean)?
above; over; top; summit; surface; on (top of); the above (in a piece of writing)
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
honorific/polite/humble prefix
two persons; two people; pair; couple
Mr; Mrs; Miss; politeness marker
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
sharing an umbrella; being under one umbrella; drawing of an umbrella with two names under it (equivalent of "X loves Y")
things like; something like; someone like; such a thing as; (the fact) that; to think that
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to step aside; to move (out of the way); to make way
to do something in readiness for; to get something (needful) done
yikes; oops; eep; wow; aargh
elder sister; effeminate man
Mr; Mrs; makes a word more polite (usu. in fixed expressions); state; situation
to be careful; to pay attention; to take care
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
to form; to make; to build up (e.g. a fortune); to create; to accomplish; to achieve; to change (into)