indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
treachery; betrayal; perfidy
failure; mistake; blunder
(any) more; further; in addition (to this); at this stage; now; now that things have come to this
you; before (a god, nobleman, etc.); in front of
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
like; similar to; (I) think (that); (I) have a feeling (that); feels like; feels similar to
punishment (of children); spanking; smacking; criminal punishment (esp. execution; Edo period)
hah (derisively); pooh; pfft (of something disappearing); poof; huff; puff
yes; that is correct; understood; I see; present; here; pardon?
to master (a skill); proprietor; manager; leader; chief; master (of arts, science, etc.); master (recording)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to kill; to slay; to suppress; to block; to suppress (a voice, feelings, etc.); to hold back
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
to return; to come home; to leave (of a guest, customer, etc.); to get home; to get to home plate
cooperation; collaboration; help; support
indicates emotion or admiration; indicates emphasis; I; me; wah!; boo!
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
master; teacher; stable master
the other day; lately; recently; meanwhile; in the meantime
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
sumo (wrestling); sumo wrestler; rikishi
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
it seems; I think; I guess; right?; don't you agree?
Mr; master; Ms; miss; (arch.) sir; (arch.) madam
to not take seriously; to take lightly
bad; wrong; must not (do, be); should not; useless; no good; hopeless
you said; he said; even if; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
president (of a society); chairman
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
thinking; thought; idea; notion; intention; plan
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen; to come about
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
how; in what way; how about
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")