soon; shortly; before long; nearly; almost
school festival; cultural festival; annual open day school event showcasing student talent
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
what!; oh; what the heck; what the; damn
that; that thing; that person; then; that time; that place (over there); down there (i.e. one's genitals)
suffix for familiar person
to be aware of; to know; to notice; to feel; to understand; to comprehend; to remember
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to put on (one's head); to wear; to be covered with (dust, snow, etc.); to pour (water, etc.) on oneself; to bear (e.g. someone's debts, faults, etc.); to take (blame); to overlap (e.g. sound or color)
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to hold (in one's hand); to take; to possess; to have; to maintain; to keep; to last
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
oh; ho; exclamation of surprise, admiration, etc.; hoo (owl call); toot (sound of a flute)
in this way; thus; such; uh...
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
come; come now; well; who knows; well now; let's see
to have a go; to try and do (something); to take a chance with something
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
with trouble; at great pains; rare; valuable; kind; generous
it is assuredly that ...; can say with confidence that ...; did not ...
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
research publication; scholarly publication
you; presence (of a god, nobleman, etc.)
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
for example; for instance; e.g.
how long; how far; how much
and the like; such as; or something; something like; I hear that ...; people say that...
elementary school student; primary school student; grade school student
playing; play (margin between on and off, gap before pressing button or lever has an effect)
well then ...; in that situation; in which case
tightly (holding on); firmly; strongly (built); solidly; properly; well
to measure; to weigh; to survey; to conjecture; to infer; to surmise
why?; what for?; how?; by what means?
human being; human; person; character (of a person)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
challenge; defiance; dare; attempt; try
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
what; how many; many; a lot of; several; a few
second (unit of time); arc second