indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
force; strength; capability; ability; efficacy; effect; effort
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
destruction; disruption; (application) crash
good; advantage; sake; purpose; consequence; result
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?
to protect; to guard; to defend; to keep (i.e. a promise); to abide (by the rules); to observe
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
-ness; indicates assertion; come; come now
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
Lord; Highness; (arch.) you
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
damn; damn it; feces; excrement; damn; damned; very
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
near; neighbourhood; nearly (e.g. "it took nearly one year"); close to; shortly; soon
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
should (be); bound (to be); nock (of a bow); nock (of an arrow); nock-shaped grip (between thumb and forefinger); wooden frame on the tip of the mast of a Japanese ship that prevents the hawser from falling out
it is assuredly that ...; can say with confidence that ...; did not ...
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
like; similar to; (I) think (that); (I) have a feeling (that); feels like; feels similar to
to be aware of; to know; to notice; to feel; to understand; to comprehend; to remember
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
honorific/polite/humble prefix
to wait; to await; to look forward to; to depend on; to need
set meal; special (of the day)
three; three years of age
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
to lose one's energy; to be cowardly
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
to put; to place; to leave (behind); to establish (an organization, a facility, a position, etc.); to set up; to appoint (someone to a certain position); to hire
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)