that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
very; greatly; immense; enormous; serious; grave
indicates emotion or admiration; indicates emphasis; I; me; wah!; boo!
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
now; soon; already; yet; further; more
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
granny; grandma; gran; old lady; old woman
I'm sorry; my apologies; excuse me; pardon me
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
plans; arrangement; schedule; program; programme; expectation
than; from; out of; except; but; more
to be late; to be delayed; to fall behind (in a race, one's studies, etc.); to lag behind; to be bereaved of; to be preceded by (someone) in death
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
worry; concern; anxiety; care; help; aid
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
a little; a bit; just a minute; for a moment; somewhat; rather; (not) easily
to wait; to await; to look forward to; to depend on; to need
arrival (of post, news, correspondence, etc.); receiving (a phone call, email, etc.)
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to enter; to go into; to break into; to join; to enroll; to contain; to hold
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
to cut; to cut through; to sever (connections, ties); to turn off (e.g. the light); to terminate (e.g. a conversation); to hang up (the phone); to punch (a ticket)
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
again; once more; also; too; on the other hand; while; and
Eh?; What?; Come on!; Damn!
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
what's the matter?; what's wrong?; what happened (to) ...?; what have you done (with) ...?; where is ...?
let me see; well; errr ...; uhh ...
today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays
to give shelter to; to lodge; to put up; to accommodate
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
I wonder; should I?; is it?; I wish that; I hope that
yes; that is correct; um; errr; huh?; grrr
exactly!; surely!; that's it!; ding dong (sound of door bell, chime, etc.)
yo!; hello there!; wow!; oh!; yah! (yell)