indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
good; advantage; sake; purpose; consequence; result
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
hole; opening; pit; hollow; burrow; den; deficit
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to dig; to excavate; to delve into; to dig up (e.g. vegetables); (for two men) to have anal sex
everything; all; the whole; entirely; completely; wholly
to bury (e.g. in the ground); to fill up (e.g. audience fills a hall); to cause to be packed; to plug (a gap); to stop (a gap); to make up for (a loss, shortage, etc.); to make amends
huh?; eh?; what?; oh; hey!; look!
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
particle indicating that the speaker is trying to recall some information
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
to this extent; to this degree; this much
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
to be sufficient; to be enough; to be worth doing; to be worthy of; to do (the job); to serve
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
guy; fellow; chap; bastard; asshole; arsehole
trouble; bother; trouble; difficulty; care; attention
to press against; to push against; to force against; to foist on (task, responsibility); to impose (one's will)
working one's employees hard; being a slave-driver
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
nonexistent; not being (there); not having; not
escape; flight; running away; elopement; fleeing
trusting too much; overestimating ability
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
murder; homicide; manslaughter
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
direct; immediate; personal; firsthand
to look out on; to overlook; to face (a situation, crisis, etc.); to meet (e.g. death); to deal with (an issue); to attend (e.g. a function)
unexpected; unforeseen; strange
ability; performance; efficiency
opposite; opposition; versus; vs.; to (e.g. "winning a game five to three"); equal footing
burst of laughter; roar of laughter
and; and then; thus; and now; and finally
eh?; what?; yes; that's correct; (arch.) strengthens a question, assertion, etc.; (arch.) hey
foot; paw; leg; gait; pace; bottom structural component (i.e. radical) of a kanji; means of transportation