dull; uninteresting; insignificant; unimportant; absurd; foolish
with trouble; at great pains; rare; valuable; kind; generous
new; novel; fresh; recent; latest; up-to-date
sacred wine or sake; sake offered to the gods
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to be able (in a position) to do; to be up to the task; to be ready; to be completed; to be made; to be built; to be good at
although; despite; whereas; while; if only; I wish
essential; important; crucial; vital; main
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
suffix for familiar person
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to drink; to gulp; to smoke (tobacco); to engulf; to overwhelm; to keep down; to suppress
and; besides; because; since; the thing is; for one thing
today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
speaking of ...; when it comes to ...; as for ...; if one were to say ...
still; as yet; (not) yet; more; (more) still; at least
also; too; not ... either; (it's not possible) no matter what; although one might wish otherwise
to receive; to take; to get somebody to do something; to have in one's pocket (a fight, match); to contract (a disease); to catch
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
(social) standing; status; identity; birth; one's circumstances; one's means
difference; variation; difference
(what) the heck; (why) in the world; one object; one body; one form; one style
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
that's the way it is; yes; is that so?; is it?
no; nay; well; er; you're welcome; not at all
as one would expect; just as you'd expect (from); still; all the same; even ... (e.g. "even a genius")
to make; to produce; to prepare (food); to brew (alcohol); to raise; to grow; to till
to differ (from); to vary; to not be in the usual condition; to not match the correct (answer, etc.); to be different from promised; isn't it?
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
-ness; indicates assertion; come; come now
glamorous; charming; beguiling; bewitching; beautiful; fascinatingly elegant
company; association; regional Chinese god of the earth (or a village built in its honour); counter for companies, shrines, etc.
to come true (of a wish, prayer, etc.); to be realized; to suit (e.g. a purpose); to meet (wishes, ideals, etc.); to match (implies competition); to rival
probably isn't (doesn't, won't, etc.); don't (doesn't) intend to; intend not to; must not; (when used in an imperative sentence) don't
work of art the creator has confidence in; work one is proud of
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for