cooked rice; meal; food; one's living; livelihood
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
to give (someone) a treat; to be extravagant; to live luxuriously; to be proud; to be haughty
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
bad; poor; poor (quality); inferior; evil; sinful; ugly
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
inside; within; while (e.g. one is young); during; among; amongst; in (secret, chaos, poverty, etc.)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
father; dad; papa; pa; pop; daddy
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
extent; degree; limit; bounds; (span of) time; (a) distance; the state of
to be late; to be delayed; to fall behind (in a race, one's studies, etc.); to lag behind; to be bereaved of; to be preceded by (someone) in death
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
carrying (on one's person or in the hand); mobile phone; cell phone
operation; management; handling; manipulating (to one's benefit); manipulation; influencing
sound; noise; note; fame; Chinese-derived character reading
yes; indeed; ha!; what?; huh?; sigh
interesting; fascinating; amusing; funny; enjoyable; fun
talk; speech; topic; subject; discussions; negotiation; rumor
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to let (someone) hear; to tell (e.g. a story); to make (someone) listen; to make (someone) understand; to grip (someone) with skilful singing, storytelling, etc.; to hold (someone) enchanted by
appearing ...; looking ...; way to ...; method of ...ing; form; style
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
tree; shrub; bush; wood; timber
protection; safeguard; guardianship; preservation; conservation
policy; course; plan (of action); magnetic needle
government; administration
destruction; disruption; (application) crash
activity (of a person, organization, animal, volcano, etc.); action; movie (esp. during the silent movie period)
towards; against; regarding; in contrast with
where; which; anyway; anyhow; sooner or later; eventually
to apply pressure to; to press
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
indication; denotation; designation; instructions; directions
to leave; to exit; to leave (on a journey); to depart; to move forward; to come to; to get to
in this way; thus; such; uh...
in order to (e.g. meet goal); so that; take care (so as); hoping or wishing for something
to take measures (in face of events being anticipated); to come to an agreement (in bargaining, etc.); to strike a bargain; to clap one's hands together