indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
pretty; lovely; clean; clear; completely; entirely
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to be seen; to be in sight; to look; to seem; to come
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
-ness; indicates assertion; come; come now
yukata (light cotton kimono worn in the summer or used as a bathrobe)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
time; hour; occasion; case; chance; opportunity
to leave; to exit; to leave (on a journey); to depart; to move forward; to come to; to get to
in order to (e.g. meet goal); so that; take care (so as); hoping or wishing for something
underwear; undergarment; underclothes; lingerie
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to attach; to join; to furnish (a house with); to wear; to put on; to keep a diary; to make an entry
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
to hear; to listen (e.g. to music); to ask; to enquire; to hear about; to hear of; to follow (advice, order, etc.)
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
truth; reality; proper; right; genuine; authentic
above; up; top; summit; surface; before; previous
below; down; bottom; beneath; underneath; just after; right after
secret; secrecy; mystery; secret (e.g. to success); esoteric teachings
by all means; at any cost; whether (one is) willing or not; willingly or unwillingly; on no account; by no means
to be aware of; to know; to notice; to feel; to understand; to comprehend; to remember
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
ardent; passionate; vehement
if; in case; as for; on the topic of; if that's the case; if so
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
directly; in person; firsthand
hand; arm; forepaw; foreleg; handle; hand; worker
to insert; to put in; to send in (to a prisoner; e.g. clothes, books); to deliver (food, refreshments, etc. to workers); to supply
to ascertain; to check; to make sure
permission; approval; authorization; to permit; to authorize
let me see; well; errr ...; uhh ...
I'm sorry; my apologies; excuse me; pardon me
to descend; to go down; to be handed down (of an order, judgment, etc.); to pass (of time); to surrender; to capitulate; to be less than
as expected; sure enough; after all (is said and done); in the end; too; also
suffix for familiar person