chise; traditional Ainu house
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
dragon (as depicted in Western myths)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
country; state; region; national government; central government; home (i.e. hometown, home country); (arch.) province (of Japan)
yes; that is correct; understood; I see; present; here; pardon?
there (place relatively near listener); there (place just mentioned); that place; then (of some incident just spoken of); that (of point just raised); (arch.) you
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
lovely; dear; beloved; pitiable; pitiful
Mr.; Mrs.; makes a word more polite (usu. in fixed expressions); state; situation
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
possibly; apparently; (seem) likely; somehow or other; with difficulty; barely
magic; witchcraft; sorcery; spell
to use (a thing, method, etc.); to make use of; to use (a person, animal, puppet, etc.); to employ; to use (time, money, etc.); to spend
weak point; unskillfulness
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
hearsay; rumor; grapevine
honorific/polite/humble prefix
to hear; to listen (e.g. to music); to ask; to enquire; to hear about; to hear of; to follow (advice, order, etc.)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
fast; quick; early (in the day, etc.); premature; (too) soon; not yet
cane; walking stick; staff; wand
to make; to produce; to prepare (food); to brew (alcohol); to raise; to grow; to till
to say; to speak; to tell; to talk
neighbour; neighbor; neighbourhood; neighborhood
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
this way; this direction; here; this (one); I; me
to convey; to report; to transmit; to communicate; to tell; to impart
good; advantage; sake; purpose; consequence; result
tool; implement; means; furniture
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
in that way; thus; so; so?
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
in order to (e.g. meet goal); so that; take care (so as); hoping or wishing for something
recently; lately; these days; nearest; closest
outside of; not covered by
to leave; to exit; to leave (on a journey); to depart; to move forward; to come to; to get to
only; merely; approximately; about; just (finished, etc.); as if to; (as though) about to
so; therefore; accordingly; like I said; I told you already