indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
men and women; man and woman; both sexes; both genders
results; record; grades; marks
first place; first rank; units position (of a number)
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to attach; to join; to furnish (a house with); to wear; to put on; to keep a diary; to make an entry
to be able (to); to be possible (to)
exemption; exoneration; discharge
traveling expenses; travelling expenses; carfare
provision; supply; payment; allowance; grant
free (of charge); gratuitous
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
such; that sort of; that kind of; no way!; never!
privilege; special favor; special favour; benefit; prerogative; perk
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
inconsequential; indifferent; not worth worrying about; whatever; whichever; I don't care
proof; evidence; sign; witnessing; testifying; testimony
chairperson (of a committee); chair; chairman; chairwoman; president
in that way; thus; so; the same; so?
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
as (i.e. in the role of); for (i.e. from the viewpoint of); apart from ... (used to change the topic); even (e.g. "not even a single person"); thinking that ...; trying to ...
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
myself; yourself; I; me; you
pride; boast; credit (to)
committee; commission; board; panel; committee meeting
to go; to move (towards); to move through; to travel across; to go (well, badly, etc.); to proceed; to do (in a particular way)
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to; for; from the standpoint of; as far as ... is concerned
from now; from this moment; henceforth
yikes; oops; eep; wow; aargh
large; big; great; prominent; -sized; as big as; university
god; deity; god-tier; incredible; (arch.) Emperor (of Japan); (arch.) thunder
faint; indistinct; dim; vague; subtle; delicate
to wait; to await; to look forward to; to depend on; to need
you said; he said; even if; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm