truth; reality; proper; right; genuine; authentic
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
senior high school; high school
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
now; soon; already; yet; further; more
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
intention; plan; belief; assumption; estimate; estimation
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
motor nerve; reflexes; athletic ability; motor coordination
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
indiscriminately; blindly; at random; indiscriminate; random; excessive
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
(on) land; ground; shore; track-and-field events
and the like; such as; or something; something like; I hear that ...; people say that...
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
staff; member (club, society, etc.)
than; from; out of; except; but; more
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
record; minutes; record (e.g. in sports); results; to record; to document
to take out; to get out; to put out; to reveal; to submit (e.g. thesis); to turn in; to publish
screening meeting; trial meeting; qualifying competition
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
player (of a sport); athlete; team member
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
terrible; dreadful; amazing (e.g. of strength); great (e.g. of skills); to a great extent; vast (in numbers)
to bear a grudge against; to resent; to blame; to curse; to feel bitter towards
ordinary; common; free of charge; unaffected; as is; only
exercise; physical training; appeal; campaign; motion; movement
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
all you want; as much as one wants
and yet; despite this; but even so; but even then; however; nevertheless
to persevere; to persist; to insist that; to stick to (one's opinion); to remain in a place; to stick to one's post
extent; degree; limit; bounds; (span of) time; (a) distance; the state of
circumference; girth; surroundings; neighbourhood; people surrounding oneself; surrounding circumstances
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to wound; to injure; to hurt someone's feelings (pride, etc.); to damage; to chip
junior high school; middle school; lower secondary school
to enter; to go into; to break into; to join; to enroll; to contain; to hold
department (in an organization); division; club; part; component; category
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...