indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
funny; amusing; strange; odd; improper; unsuitable
seems; I think; I guess; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
continuously in some state (for a long time, distance); throughout; much (better, etc.); by far; far away; long ago
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
originally; by nature; from the start
foot (of a mountain or hill); bottom; base
village; hamlet; countryside; country; home (of one's parents, etc.); hometown
it is assuredly that ...; can say with confidence that ...; did not ...
particle used to indicate the speaker's hope, desire, wish, etc. (e.g. "it would be nice if ...", "I wish there were ...", etc.); emphatic particle; particle adding uncertainty
what!; oh; what the heck; what the; damn
home area; home town; local
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
sentence-ending particle expressing doubt
day; days; sun; sunshine; (the) day; daytime; date
to be seen; to be in sight; to look; to seem; to come
conclusion from reasoning, judgement or calculation based on something read or heard; reason; cause; meaning; circumstances; situation
without; unacceptable; not alright; unsatisfactory
why?; what for?; how?; by what means?
direction; way; point of the compass; cardinal direction; method; means
to lose; to miss (a change, opportunity); to lose (a loved one); to be bereaved of; to concede (goals, points, etc.)
denotes uncertainty; such things as A and B; A and B and so on; A and B and the like
I, myself; one-self; by one-self; even I; even one
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
yes; indeed; ha!; what?; huh?; sigh
damn; damn it; feces; excrement; damn; damned; very
again; once more; also; too; on the other hand; while; and
to turn back (e.g. half-way); to return; to go back; to recover (e.g. something lost); to be returned; to rebound
somehow; how; in what way; why; what kind of
to go mad; to lose one's mind; to get out of order; to go amiss; to go wrong (of a plan or expectation, etc.); to fall through
beginning; start; first (in line, etc.); origin; such as ...; not to mention ...
to face; to go towards; to head towards
and yet; despite this; but even so; but even then; however; nevertheless
to notice; to become aware; to be scrupulous; to be attentive; to recover consciousness; to come to oneself
route; course; path; one's future course (e.g. after graduating high school)
to slide; to slip off; to get dislocated; to be out of alignment; to get dislodged; to deviate
after (a long process); at the end of; last line (of a renga)
Zhou dynasty (China, approx. 1046-256 BCE); Chou dynasty; perimeter; counter for laps or circuits
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
myself; yourself; I; me; you
intention; wish; purpose; mind (to do)