person concerned; people involved (in an event); those concerned; staff
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
rumour; rumor; report; hearsay; gossip; common talk
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
computer; cyberbrain; digital brain
medical care; medical treatment
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
deep; profound; dense; thick; close (relationship); intense; strong
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
that is so; that is right; it looks to me; people say that; it is said that; I hear that
roulette-like street gambling; portable tape-recorder (used by reporters)
to wait; to await; to look forward to; to depend on; to need
such; that sort of; that kind of; no way!; never!
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
by no means; never!; something unexpected; emergency; (arch.) currently; (arch.) for the time being
a short while ago; a moment ago; just now; some time ago
talk; speech; topic; subject; discussions; negotiation; rumor
idiot; moron; trivial matter; folly; stupid; foolish
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
first of all; to begin with; probably; most likely; more or less (satisfactory); on the whole
glasses; eyeglasses; spectacles; judgment; judgement; discrimination
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to remove; to take off; to drop (e.g. from a team); to remove (from a position); to leave (e.g. one's seat); to go away from
direction; way; side (of an argument, etc.); one's part; type; category; field (of study, etc.)
no good; not serving its purpose; hopeless; wasted; cannot; must not
these guys; these fellows
dangerous; risky; awful; terrible; terrific; amazing
indicates emotion or admiration; indicates emphasis; I; me; wah!; boo!
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
why?; what for?; how?; by what means?
this sort of; this kind of; like this; such
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
to return (something); to restore; to turn over; to turn upside down; to pay back; to retaliate; to respond (with)
suffix for familiar person
if; in case; as for; on the topic of; if that's the case; if so
there (place relatively near listener); there (place just mentioned); that place; then (of some incident just spoken of); that (of point just raised); (arch.) you
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for