indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
law; act; method; mood; dharma; law
by means of; due to; because of; according to
skewer; spit; skewering; impalement; running through (e.g. with spear)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
behind; rear; after; later; remainder; the rest; more (e.g. five more minutes)
to hang up (e.g. a coat, a picture on the wall); to let hang; to put on (e.g. a blanket); to put on top of; to put on (glasses, etc.); to wear (a necklace, etc.); to make (a call)
worst; horrible; horrid; in the worst case; if worst comes to worst
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
home town; birthplace; native place; (arch.) ruins; (arch.) historic remains
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to destroy; to overthrow; to wreck; to ruin
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
not only ... (but also); not just; as well as
I; me; oneself; (arch.) you; (arch.) prefix indicating familiarity or contempt
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
to finish; to stop; to close (a business, etc.); to close down; to put away; to put back
may; might; perhaps; may be; possibly
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
to die; to pass away; to lose spirit; to lose vigor; to cease; to stop
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
to rescue from; to help out of; to save
method; process; manner; way; means; technique
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
one; for one thing; only; (not) even; just (e.g. "just try it"); some kind of; one type of
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to overturn; to capsize; to overthrow (government etc.); to reverse (decision etc.); to disprove (an established theory etc.)
power; authority; jurisdiction
honorific/polite/humble prefix
to hold (in one's hand); to take; to possess; to have; to maintain; to keep; to last
that's the way it is; yes; is that so?; is it?
Satan; the Devil; the Prince of Darkness; king of the demons who try to prevent people from doing good
Mr.; Mrs.; makes a word more polite (usu. in fixed expressions); state; situation
penalty; sentence; punishment
execution; carrying out; performance; lead monk performing various tasks in a temple