corridor; hallway; passageway
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to run; to run (of a vehicle); to drive; to rush (to); to dash; to retreat; to flee
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
no good; not serving its purpose; hopeless; wasted; cannot; must not
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
indicates emotion or admiration; indicates emphasis; I; me; wah!; boo!
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
that; that thing; that person; then; that time; that place (over there); down there (i.e. one's genitals)
a long time (since the last time); first in a long time
yes; that is correct; understood; I see; present; here; pardon?
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
it's been a long time; long time no see
a little; a bit; just a minute; for a moment; somewhat; rather; (not) easily
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
space (between); gap; period of time (during, while); duration; between (two parties or things); among (a group); relations (between)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
again; once more; also; too; on the other hand; while; and
to grow up; to become an adult; to become big; to grow in size
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
lively; full of spirit; energetic; healthy; well; fit
yes?; no?; isn't it?; is it?
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
seeming to be; appearing to be; like; similar to; in order to (e.g. meet goal); so that
several; a number of; quantity; amount; counting; figures; number
what; how many; many; a lot of; several; a few
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
(not) anything; (nothing) at all; and everything else; and all; (not) at all; (not) in the least
to mind (negative nuance); to care about; to worry; to pay undue (amount of) attention to (something)
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
diligently; seriously; perfectly; properly; sufficiently; satisfactorily
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
to raise; to elevate; to do up (one's hair); to fly (a kite, etc.); to launch (fireworks, etc.); to land (a boat); to deep-fry
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
adds force or indicates command
next; following; subsequent; stage; station
when; at what time; how soon; normal times; ordinary days
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
eh?; what?; yes; that's correct; (arch.) strengthens a question, assertion, etc.; (arch.) hey
from now on; after this; in the future; from here; from this point