yes; indeed; ha!; what?; huh?; sigh
to live; to exist; to make a living; to subsist; to be in effect; to be in use
what; how many; many; a lot of; several; a few
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
wonderful; splendid; magnificent
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
what!; oh; what the heck; what the; damn
from now on; after this; in the future; from here; from this point
and the like; such as; or something; something like; I hear that ...; people say that...
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to fall down; to drop; to be omitted; to be missing; to decrease; to sink; to fail (e.g. exam or class)
to be able (in a position) to do; to be up to the task; to be ready; to be completed; to be made; to be built; to be good at
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
it seems; I think; I guess; right?; don't you agree?
next; following; subsequent; stage; station
to meet; to encounter; to see; to have an accident; to have a bad experience
certain; sure; doubtless; I have no doubt; You can depend on it; It's a safe bet
to die; to pass away; to lose spirit; to lose vigor; to cease; to stop
-like; sort of; similar to; resembling
in that way; thus; so; so?
how many times; how many degrees (temperature, angle, etc.)
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to continue; to last; to continue (without a break); to be unbroken; to occur again and again; to lead to; to connect to
it cannot be that...; it is highly unlikely that...; it is impossible that...
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
to rely on; to depend on; to count on; to turn to (for help)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
now; soon; already; yet; further; more
to decide; to choose; to clinch (a victory); to decide (the outcome of a match); to persist in doing; to go through with; to always do
although; despite; whereas; while; if only; I wish
road; path; route; way; distance; journey; road (e.g. to victory)