country; state; region; national government; central government; home (i.e. hometown, home country); province (of Japan)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
(what) the heck; (why) in the world; one object; one body; one form; one style; one Buddhist image
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; penis; (one's) thing
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to think (about, of); to think over; to consider; to bear in mind; to think (that); to believe; to intend (to do)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
restriction; restraint; limitation; limit
to be troubled; to have difficulty; to be bothered; to be inconvenienced; to be badly off; to be hard up
playing to the gallery; showing off; pretence; surface preparation (for painting); scraping a surface clean
territory (of country, feudal domain, etc.); (arch.) counter for suits of clothing, sets of armor, etc.
opposite side; other side; over there; ahead; destination; there (somewhere distant, esp. abroad)
that is to say; so that means
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
should (be); bound (to be); nock (of a bow); nock (of an arrow); nock-shaped grip (between thumb and forefinger); wooden frame on the tip of the mast of a Japanese ship that prevents the hawser from falling out
but I suppose; it seems; probably; I guess
king; queen; monarch; the Crown (as a focus of authority in the UK, etc.); the throne
indicates word or phrase being defined; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); with; (not) as much as; (not) so much as; the fact that
honorific/polite/humble prefix
to meet; to encounter; to see; to have an accident; to have a bad experience
to be able to do; to be possible; to be good at; to do well; to come into existence; to form; to be made
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
being very busy; busyness
because of; on account of; about; on; per; for every
persistence; single-mindedness; sticking to one point; always making the same bet
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
left utterly helpless; have no one to turn to; unapproachable
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
as expected; sure enough; after all (is said and done); in the end; too; also
merchant; trader; tradesman; dealer; shopkeeper
going in and out; entering and exiting; visiting regularly; frequenting; income and expenditure; incomings and outgoings; increase and decrease
yes; indeed; ha!; what?; huh?; sigh
too (much); overly; excessively
hasty; rash; rushed; hurried; impatient; impetuous
to pass through; to pass by; to pass (of time); to elapse; to have expired; to have ended; to exceed
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen; to come about
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
all right; very well; there, there; patting (e.g. a child on the head); stroking
scary; frightening; eerie; dreadful
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?