indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
pound (unit of weight); pound (currency); pound sterling; pond
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
flesh; meat; flesh (of a fruit); pulp; the physical body (as opposed to the spirit); flesh; thickness
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
honorific/polite/humble prefix
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
to recognize; to recognise; to deem; to judge; to approve; to deem acceptable; to admit
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
blood; blood; ancestry; (the) blood; feelings
to cut off; to excise; to tear off; to cut out; to whittle down; to tear out
repayment; reimbursement; refund; redemption
wife; Mrs; proprietress; landlady; large women's size (clothing)
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
if; in case; as for; on the topic of; if that's the case; if so
yes; that is correct; understood; I see; present; here; pardon?
trial; judgement; judgment
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
no; nay; well; er; you're welcome; not at all
to lend; to loan; to rent out; to hire out
property; fortune; means; assets