until now; so far; up to the present
what; how many; many; a lot of; several; a few
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
gift; premium; prize (lottery drawing, pachinko, etc.); party favor (favour)
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
happy; glad; pleased; joyful; delightful; gratifying
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
to weigh on one's mind; to bother one; to be interested (in); to be curious (about); to feel like (doing); to feel inclined to
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
(another's) daughter; young lady (of pampered upbringing); woman who has never known hardship; naive woman
there; over there; genitals; private parts; that far; that much
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
game arcade; video arcade; penny arcade
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
place; location; room; space; basho; wrestling tournament
honorific/polite/humble prefix; honorific suffix
interest (in something); curiosity (about something); zest (for)
honorific/polite/humble prefix
existing (at the present moment); alright; acceptable; to be (usu. of inanimate objects); to have
appearing ...; looking ...; way to ...; method of ...ing; form; style
but; however; (and) yet; nevertheless; still; for all that
to approach; to draw near; to get close; to get acquainted with; to get closer to; to get to know
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
gorgeous; gaudy; dazzling; gay; resplendent
outward appearance; exterior appearance; outward show; looks
indicates word or phrase being defined; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); with; (not) as much as; (not) so much as; the fact that
opposite; reverse; contrary
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
bad; poor; inferior; delinquent; hoodlum; hooligan
den; haunt; hangout; nest; lair
mankind; the human creature; fellow creatures
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
skirmish; brush (with the enemy); small fight with a military enemy; squabble; quarrel; brief argument
many; numerous; various; large number of
to stand in a row (e.g. shops on a street); to line in a row; to line; to be equal to; to be on a par with
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
just; right; pure; genuine; truth
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
Eh?; What?; Come on!; Damn!
house (e.g. of Tokugawa); family