indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
receipt (of money); receiving
which way; which direction; which one (esp. of two alternatives); who
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
this way; this direction; here; this (one); I; me
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
adds force or indicates command
earth; soil; the earth (historically, esp. as opposed to the heavens); the ground; low-quality torinoko-gami (containing mud); (period of) refraining from construction in the direction of the god of the earth (in Onmyōdō)
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
(some) more; even more; longer; further
to straighten up one's back (e.g. stand up straight, sit up straight); to hold one's head high
in this way; thus; such; uh...
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
right hand; right-hand side; right-hand direction; (on) the right
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
together (with); at the same time; in a lump
to leave; to exit; to leave (on a journey); to depart; to move forward; to come to; to get to
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?
come; come now; well; who knows; well now; let's see
such; this sort of; like this
consciousness; becoming aware (of); awareness; mano-vijnana (mental consciousness, cognizer of sensory information)
straight; quickly; quietly; gently; to feel refreshed; to feel satisfied
no good; not serving its purpose; hopeless; wasted; cannot; must not
it is assuredly that ...; can say with confidence that ...; did not ...
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
a-ha-ha (laughing loudly)
as one wishes; the way one wants; to one's satisfaction
to be able (in a position) to do; to be up to the task; to be ready; to be completed; to be made; to be built; to be good at
yes; indeed; ha!; what?; huh?; sigh
gesture; movement; action; acting; performance
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
speech; expression; wording; language
anything and everything; just about everything
past; after; too (much); over- (e.g. eating)
what!; oh; what the heck; what the; damn
sudden; abrupt; urgent; pressing; steep; sharp; rapid
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
this, that and the other; this and that
complaint; grumbling; objection; phrase; words; expression
to attach; to join; to furnish (a house with); to wear; to put on; to keep a diary; to make an entry