certain; sure; doubtless; I have no doubt; You can depend on it; It's a safe bet
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
card (information, filing, etc.); card (greetings, congratulations, etc.); (Western) playing cards; credit card; debit card; match; game
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to draw (the winning ticket); to apply; to compare; to put (oneself in someone's position)
oh!; ah!; oh dear!; good grief!; dear me!; thank God!
unthinkable; unexpected; absolutely not!; far from it!; (it was) no bother at all; not at all
to master (a skill); proprietor; manager; leader; chief; master (of arts, science, etc.); master (recording)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
to rescue from; to help out of; to save
because ...; for ...; the reason being ...; as for ...; when it comes to ...; regarding ...
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
other (place, thing, person); the rest; outside; beyond; nothing except; nothing but
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
it is assuredly that ...; can say with confidence that ...; did not ...
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
behind; rear; after; later; remainder; the rest; more (e.g. five more minutes)
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
yes; that is correct; understood; I see; present; here; pardon?
time; hour; occasion; case; chance; opportunity
childlike mind; judgment as a child (judgement)
to notice; to recognize; to recognise; to become aware of; to perceive; to realize
now; soon; already; yet; further; more
seems; I think; I guess; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
war; fighting; fierce competition
to get up; to rise; to wake up; to be awake; to occur (usu. of unfavourable incidents); to happen
country; state; region; national government; central government; home (i.e. hometown, home country); (arch.) province (of Japan)
only; merely; but; no more than
to compete; to contest; to quarrel; to argue; to deny (e.g. evidence)
cold; frigid; bracing; dignified
where; which; anyway; anyhow; sooner or later; eventually