indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
Kumamoto (city, prefecture)
by means of; due to; because of; according to
information; news; intelligence; information; data contained in characters, signals, code, etc.
town; block; street; road; 109.09 m; 0.99 hectares
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
to get up; to rise; to wake up; to be awake; to occur (usu. of unfavourable incidents); to happen
observation; survey; measurement; opinion; prediction; thinking
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
again; once more; also; too; on the other hand; while; and
shaking; shake; unsettledness; instability; existence of multiple spellings, pronunciations, usages, etc. for a single word
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
(suffering) damage; injury; harm
et cetera; etc.; or something; the likes of; for example; for instance
inside; within; while (e.g. one is young); during; among; amongst; in (secret, chaos, poverty, etc.)
fortress (surrounded by a wall, moat, etc.)
Kumamoto prefecture (Kyushu)
benefit; use; good; profit; gains
nuclear power plant; nuclear power generation; primary (e.g. primary immunodeficiency syndrome)
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
direction; way; side (of an argument, etc.); one's part; type; category; field (of study, etc.)
Kyūshū (southernmost of the four main islands of Japan)
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
now; the present time; just now; another; more
strong; potent; strong; brawny; good (at); skilled; being able to handle
to continue; to last; to continue (without a break); to be unbroken; to occur again and again; to lead to; to connect to