indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
love; affection; attachment; craving; agape; Ireland
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
country; state; region; national government; central government; home (i.e. hometown, home country); (arch.) province (of Japan)
if; in case; as for; on the topic of; if that's the case; if so
everything; all; the whole; entirely; completely; wholly
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
in one's hands; in one's control
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
three generations; third generation immigrant; sansei; the third (e.g. Henry III)
more and more; all the more; at last; finally; (at the) last moment; worst possible time
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
time; hour; occasion; case; chance; opportunity
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
older brother; elder brother; brother (as older-brother figure in friendly and or work relationship); young man; buddy
hah (derisively); pooh; pfft (of something disappearing); poof; huff; puff
to picture; to come into one's mind; to remember
beautiful; pretty; lovely; sweet; pure (heart, friendship, etc.)
water (esp. cool, fresh water, e.g. drinking water); fluid (esp. in an animal tissue); liquid; flood; floodwaters; water offered to wrestlers just prior to a bout
capital (esp. Kyoto, Japan's former capital); seat of government; capital (of music, fashion, etc.); city (e.g. of light); location of the Imperial Palace
painting of a scene in Hell; a picture of Hell
to be dyed; to be tainted; to be infected; to be stained
figure; form; appearance; dress; state; condition
holiday house; vacation home; villa; prison; jail
welcome!; nice to see you!
autograph; signature; sign; signal; indication
one; for one thing; only; (not) even; just (e.g. "just try it"); some kind of; one type of
expressly; especially; taking the trouble (to do); intentionally; deliberately
this sort of; this kind of; like this; such
island; one's territory (e.g. of a sex worker, organized crime gang); one's turf
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
to summon; to call (e.g. phone); to convene; to invoke (e.g. subroutine); to call; to open (e.g. a file)
doing; in such a state; doing together; doing to each other; familiarizing suffix (sometimes meaning "small")
nonexistent; not being (there); not having; not
seems; I think; I guess; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
important; serious; valuable; precious; serious matter; major incident
it seems; I think; I guess; right?; don't you agree?
to love one another; to be affectionate towards each other; to have sex; to make love
married couple; husband and wife; man and wife; his and hers; pair of objects, one larger (for man), one smaller (for woman)
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...